Kava kava, or Piper methysticum, is a plant native to the South Pacific. The root of the plant is used as an herbal remedy with various effects. Traditionally, the kava root was ground into a paste and added to liquid for consumption as a kava drink.

Kratom, whose scientific name is Mitragyna speciosa, is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family that is native to Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia. Kratom leaves have been traditionally used in these regions for centuries.